Military Rank Badge

Item number N3.25 a-b from the MOA: University of British Columbia.

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Description

A pair of identical vertical rectangles of dark blue silk damask heavily embroidered with silk thread in many colours. Many motifs are outlined with gold thread. The central image of each is a white feline with black spots, edged in fine white stitches representing fur, with a human-like face, and its head turned toward the left. The embroidery creates a three-dimensional effect following the form of the animal. Above and beside the feline, there are cloud forms in various colours. Two red plant forms are below the feline, and white plant-like forms curve toward the feline. Green leaves coming out of a striped stepped form are directly below the feline, beside which, on both sides, there are rainbow-like forms. Each badge is pasted to a backing of paper.

History Of Use

Such rank badges were worn by officials in court in indicate their place in the imperial hierarchy. The robe and badge were normally blue except for those of the highest ranks, who wore other colours. One badge was stitched to the front of the robe and the other to the back. Those with animals indicated that the official was in the military hierarchy, whereas those with birds were civil. After 1910, most clothes were simplified and westernized, so such badges were no longer worn except by bridegrooms, who also had the right to wear them. Tigers and leopards were not clearly differentiated, and both were used on rank badges.

Specific Techniques

Silk damask is hand-woven. Blue is a natural dye. Badge is pasted to paper to hold its shape.

Iconographic Meaning

The pattern on this animal suggests that it is a tiger rather than a leopard. Tigers were considered to be friendly animals that protect people, and their smiles as depicted on artistic objects reflect this. Their funny faces suggest that these badges could have been intended for a bridegroom rather than an official. One tiger would be female and the other male. Auspicious symbols on this badge include coins for wealth and fortune and the red plant of long life. Rocks and waves are also symbols of long life. The cloud images represent the fact that these badges were used in official dress.