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Description

Rod puppet (zhàng tóu mù ǒu), representing the character Dan (lady). Head and hands are carved from wood. Head and left hand are painted pink beige. Character has a wide nose, moveable eyes and large ears. The mouth is painted dark red, eyebrows are painted black and have sharp spikes in the middle. Eyes are black-rimmed and area around ears and back of head is painted black, imitating hair. She has black hair in a long braid, secured with a pink tie. The character is wearing a light brown-yellow plaid robe. It has a small opening at the neck, secured with a tie, and two small side slits. The robe is secured at the wrists with wire and secured at the neck with a metal button. Her right hand has a large hole through its centre, the left hand has a small one. Puppet is operated by three bamboo rods- one large rod attached to her head, and two more attached to each hand. Back of puppet’s head has been cut out.

History Of Use

The celebrated rod puppets of the Guangdong Province on the south coast of China have a long history. They became popular during the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644). Generally referred to as ‘ghost opera’ (qui-a-xi), this form of rod puppetry shares many characteristics with Cantonese Opera. There are the four standard categories of performer: male (sang/sheng), female (daan/dan), clown (cau/chou) and painted faces (zing/jing), often reserved for martial or fighting characters. They wear elaborately embroidered costumes and perform classical Chinese legends and histories, with dramatic and stylized acrobatics, movements, voices and gestures. The likeness of the rod puppets to their human counterparts is enhanced further by the clever mechanisms that move the eyes and mouth. Like all forms of Asian theatre and puppetry, music is also an essential part of the performance: the accompanying orchestra generally consists of gongs, drums, violins and reed instruments. Almost every performance of puppet theatre in Guangdong is part of religious festivities. The stage is built opposite a temple or shrine. A performance usually starts with ritual blessings to bring peace and prosperity to the local community.

Iconographic Meaning

Puppet represents a servant girl.