FROM CARD: "THESE PANTS ARE MADE OF DRESSED SKIN. THE OUTSIDE FLAP OF THE LEGGING HAS A PANEL OF RED MATERIAL WHICH CARRIES A BEADWORK DESIGN. THERE IS A STRAP OF BEADED PANELING LOOSE BUT GOING PASSED THE KNEE ON EACH LEGGING. THERE ARE ALSO TWO PANELS OF BEADWORK ON THE FRONT OF THE PANTS ABOUT AT THE HIPS. SEE CAT. NO. 357532 FOR SHIRT WHICH POSSIBLY BELONGS WITH THESE PANTS." See remarks for E357532 for additional information on cultural attribution, etc..

FROM CARD: "CARVED. WORN BY MEDICINE MAN."This object is #33 in the list in the accession file. The list identifies it as "Ornamentally carved bones (2) worn around the neck of a Doctor as charms when practicing about the sick." The heading above this listing for #33 says: "These three pieces [which is presumed to apply to #33, 34, and 35]were brought by the Chilkaht Indian traders + packers from the Gunannao? [word hard to read] people who live about the headwaters of the Yukon River." The museum cataloguer has interpreted Gunannao to be Gonaho, i.e. Gunahoo/Gunaaxoo or the Dry Bay Tlingit, and has listed that designation for E168369 - E168373. It may be instead that this is a version of the word Gunana, i.e. Athabaskan (including Tutchone, Tagish ...), as the Chilkat traded with them. The Yukon River location seems to support this, as that would apply to the Athabaskans, not the Gunaaxoo Tlingit. (See p. 57 in Emmons, George Thornton, and Frederica De Laguna. 1991. The Tlingit Indians. Anthropological papers of the American Museum of Natural History, v. 70. Seattle: University of Washington Press.)

FROM CARD: "CARVED. WORN BY MEDICINE-MAN. ILLUS. IN USNM REPT, 1896; FIGS. 195-200; PP. 885-8. LOAN: CROSSROADS SEP 22 1988. ILLUS.: CROSSROADS OF CONTINENTS CATALOGUE; FIG. 373, P. 272. LOAN RETURNED: JAN 21 1993." Photo caption in Crossroads of Continents catalogue identifies necklace amulets as having engraved designs of possible Athabaskan origin and notes "Tlingit shamans considered foreign materials, styles, and artifacts to make powerful amulets."List in accession file identifies #s 34 (E168370), 35 (E168371), and 36 (E168372) as "Bone necklaces worn by medicine men when practicing about the sick." The heading above the listing for #33 (E168369) in the accession file says: "These three pieces [which is presumed to apply to #33, 34, and 35] were brought by the Chilkaht Indian traders + packers from the Gunannao? [word hard to read] people who live about the headwaters of the Yukon River." The museum cataloguer has interpreted Gunannao to be Gonaho, i.e. Gunahoo/Gunaaxoo or the Dry Bay Tlingit, and has listed that designation for E168369 - E168373. It may be instead that this is a version of the word Gunana, i.e. Athabaskan (including Tutchone, Tagish ...), as the Chilkat traded with them. The Yukon River location seems to support this, as that would apply to the Athabaskans, not the Gunaaxoo Tlingit. (See p. 57 in Emmons, George Thornton, and Frederica De Laguna. 1991. The Tlingit Indians. Anthropological papers of the American Museum of Natural History, v. 70. Seattle: University of Washington Press.) Though the museum cataloguer presumed that E168372 had the same provenance as E168369 - E168371, examination of the original list in the accession file calls that into question, though E168372 has been attributed as Athabaskan style.

FROM CARD: "CARVED. WORN BY MEDICINE-MAN."List in accession file identifies #s 34 (E168370), 35 (E168371), and 36 (E168372) as "Bone necklaces worn by medicine men when practicing about the sick." Old museum tag with E168370 identifies this object as Tanana (i.e. Athabaskan). The heading above the listing for #33 (E168369) says: "These three pieces [which is presumed to apply to #33, 34, and 35] were brought by the Chilkaht Indian traders + packers from the Gunannao? [word hard to read] people who live about the headwaters of the Yukon River." The museum cataloguer has interpreted Gunannao to be Gonaho, i.e. Gunahoo/Gunaaxoo or the Dry Bay Tlingit, and has listed that designation for E168369 - E168373. It may be instead that this is a version of the word Gunana, i.e. Athabaskan (including Tutchone, Tagish ...), as the Chilkat traded with them. The Yukon River location seems to support this, as that would apply to the Athabaskans, not the Gunaaxoo Tlingit. (See p. 57 in Emmons, George Thornton, and Frederica De Laguna. 1991. The Tlingit Indians. Anthropological papers of the American Museum of Natural History, v. 70. Seattle: University of Washington Press.)

FROM CARD: "THIS SHIRT IS OF DRESSED SKIN. THERE ARE PANELS OF RED MATERIAL OVER THE SHOULDER AND AROUND THE NECK. THESE ARE OUTLINED IN BLACK MATERIAL AND EDGED WITH WHITE BEADS. THERE ARE BEAD DESIGNS ON TOP OF THE RED CLOTH MATERIAL; THERE ARE OTHER PANELS OF THIS RED MATERIAL AT THE CHEST AND V SHAPED PANELS AT THE BOTTOM AND AT THE CENTER OF THE SHIRT, ALL OF WHICH ARE BEADED. THE BOTTOM OF THE LOWER TWO PANELS HAVE DANGLERS ATTACHED AT THE END OF STRINGS OF BEADS. SEE CAT. NO. 357591 FOR PANTS WHICH POSSIBLY BELONG WITH THIS SHIRT. LOANED TO THE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART OCTOBER 20, 1972. RETURNED JUNE 12, 1974. REFER: HENRY COLLINS, ETC. 'THE FAR NORTH', (ILL. EXHIBITION CATALOG), NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART, 1973, P. 161, NO. 205, ATTRIBUTED TO THE TLINGIT." MATERIALS IDENTIFIED IN THE FAR NORTH AS: BUCKSKIN, TRADE FELT, POLYCHROME BEADS, BIRD BEEKS AND OTHER HORN MATERIALS, SINEW AND THREAD. Note that the entry on this shirt or tunic in The Far North catalogue on p. 160 says: "This shirt exemplifies many qualities of Athabaskan Indian materials and workmanship, but was almost certainly made for Tlingit use. A similar shirt in the University Museum, Philadelphia (NA 10516), depicts in beadwork embroidery the specific eagle and killer whale emblems of this coastal clan, emphasizing the Tlingit patronage of this essentially Indian style."

FROM CARD: "CARVED. WORN BY MEDICINE-MAN. 6 PENDANTS ILLUS. IN USNM REPT, 1895; PL. 9; P. 768."List in accession file identifies #s 34 (E168370), 35 (E168371), and 36 (E168372) as "Bone necklaces worn by medicine men when practicing about the sick." The heading above the listing for #33 (E168369) says: "These three pieces [which is presumed to apply to #33, 34, and 35] were brought by the Chilkaht Indian traders + packers from the Gunannao? [word hard to read] people who live about the headwaters of the Yukon River." The museum cataloguer has interpreted Gunannao to be Gonaho, i.e. Gunahoo/Gunaaxoo or the Dry Bay Tlingit, and has listed that designation for E168369 - E168373. It may be instead that this is a version of the word Gunana, i.e. Athabaskan (including Tutchone, Tagish ...), as the Chilkat traded with them. The Yukon River location seems to support this, as that would apply to the Athabaskans, not the Gunaaxoo Tlingit. (See p. 57 in Emmons, George Thornton, and Frederica De Laguna. 1991. The Tlingit Indians. Anthropological papers of the American Museum of Natural History, v. 70. Seattle: University of Washington Press.)

FROM CARD: "BEADED BUCKSKIN."This object is on loan to the Anchorage Museum at Rasmuson Center, from 2010 through 2027. E168297-0 Shirt and E168297-1 Moccasin trousers are both on loan.Source of the information below: Smithsonian Arctic Studies Center Alaska Native Collections: Sharing Knowledge website, by Aron Crowell, entry on this artifact http://alaska.si.edu/record.asp?id=263 , retrieved 11-29-2011: Shirt Interior Tlingit and Athabascan peoples produced beaded caribou skin clothing that they traded to the coast, where clan leaders and others of high rank wore it during potlatches and dance ceremonies. This fringed shirt has the beaded cuffs, front panel, and shoulder pads (epaulets) of a Yukon River "hunting shirt," inspired by English clothing that was imported by the Hudson's Bay Company. The style of beadwork is probably Interior Tlingit or Tahltan. Clarence Jackson noted the 'shark teeth' design made with black cloth on the cuffs and bottom hem. "Oh yes, a dance shirt, a real one. And it's possible that these are shark teeth on the bottom and on the cuffs." - Clarence Jackson (Tlingit), 2005

FROM CARD: "BEADED BUCKSKIN."This object is on loan to the Anchorage Museum at Rasmuson Center, from 2010 through 2027. E168297-0 Shirt and E168297-1 Moccasin trousers are both on loan.Source of the information below: Smithsonian Arctic Studies Center Alaska Native Collections: Sharing Knowledge website, by Aron Crowell, entry on this artifact http://alaska.si.edu/record.asp?id=262 , retrieved 11-29-2011: Moccasin pants Tlingit chiefs and nobles wore fringed and beaded moccasin-pants made from tanned caribou hide. The clothing was acquired through trade with the Tahltan, Tutchone, Ahtna, and other Athabascan peoples. Bands of colorful trade beads recreate old-style designs formerly made with dyed porcupine quills. See also the remarks for the shirt from this clothing set, E168297-0. The Sharing Knowledge website entry on the shirt notes that its beadwork style is probably Interior Tlingit or Tahltan.

S'abadeb-Seattle Art Museum This basket was collected by Judge James Wickersham in 1899 on the Puyallup Reservation. It was made by the mother of Yuckton, an elder of the Kwalhiokwa (Qualhioqua) people of Pe Ell Prairie in western Washington (near Chehalis). Nothing is known of this artist except that her son was a knowledgeable linguist who provided data to George Gibbs and Wickersham. Judge Wickersham lived in Washington Territory from 1883 to 1898 and was a probate judge, city attorney for Tacoma, and a member of the State House of Representatives before moving to Alaska, where he had a successful political career. He was also an amateur ethnologist and collected and catalogued a sizable Native basket collection.