FROM CARD: "INVENTORIED 1980."The accession record lists "3 pieces stone carving by Haida Indians of Queen Charlotte Island B.C." as part of this accession. This object may be one of those pieces.

Listed on page 42 in "The Exhibits of the Smithsonian Institution at the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, San Francisco, California, 1915", in section "Arts of the Northwest Coast Tribes".

From card: "Bear, cormorant, and frog motifs."

From card: "Presented by Chief Edinsa [Edenshaw] of North Id., B.C. worn as ear ornaments. presented to Swan August 15, 1883. Illus. USNM AR 1888, Pl. VII, fig. 20, p. 260." Loan (incorrectly labelled as # E72993 - see back of card for 72993) for Crossroads of Continents exhibit Sep 22, 1988. Illus. (incorrectly labelled as 72993) Crossroads of Continents catalogue; Fig. 62, p. 60.

From card: "Carved wood. Design: The raven with the prostrate figure of Ka-ka-hete, (The whistling demon) on its back and the king fisher plucking out his tongue. The upper half of the head is missing."From card: [taken from p. 192 of exhibit catalogue: Smithsonian Institution. 1982. Celebration, a world of art and ritual. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.] "Raven Rattle, ca. 1850-83; Haida Indians; Masset, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada; wood, red, black, and blue paint; 6 1/4 x 13 1/3 x 4 3/8 (15.9 x 33.8 x 11.1). Chiefs and high-ranking members of the community used raven rattles like this to punctuate their speech and gestures in formal contexts. Most dancers of northern groups (Tlingit, Haida, Tsimshian) held their rattles upside down, with the raven's breast up, lest they come to life and fly away, as a legendary raven rattle once did. The rattle itself is a powerful icon of spiritual transformation. Raven carries on his back a dead man toward the afterlife. The man's vital force, seen as a red bridge similar to a tongue, has been captured by Frog, a symbol of life, which is itself being captured by Kingfisher, a symbol of death. In Raven's beak is a small red object representing both the sun, which was Raven's gift to mankind, and the man's soul, which is man's reciprocal gift to the spirits. On the belly of Raven is the face of the shared soul of Raven and mankind, its beak recurved into its own mouth as symbol of the cycle of reincarnation. In its ritual use, the raven rattle reaffirmed mankind's covenant with Raven and, through its intertwined images of life, death, and rebirth, it channeled these powerful forces in a specific cycle of spiritual transformations."James G. Swan list in accession file of collections from Masset, under # 75, identifies the carving on this rattle as representing raven, kingfisher, and wood demon."Ka-ka-hete" is Olala/Oolala/Ulala per Albert P. Niblack; see p. 324 in Niblack, Albert. 1890. The Coast Indians of Southern Alaska and Northern British Columbia. Based on the Collections in the U.S. National Museum, and on the Personal Observation of the Writer in Connection with the Survey of Alaska in the Seasons of 1885, 1886 and 1887 (pp. 225-386 in U.S. National Museum Annual Report for the year 1888).

CATALOG CARD SAYS SENT TO MRS. J.C. BROWN, NEW YORK. 1902.

From card: ""specimen of fungus used for painting the face. This fungus grows on hemlock trees and in [is] prepared by roasting it in hot ashes. presented by Ellswash [Ellswarsh], a Skidegate chief." Swan"A tag in James Swan's hand is with the artifact: "Indian Red Paint. Queen Charlotte Islands BC. Sept 1883. No 156 Haida Indians Queen Charlotte Islands BC. Paint, made by roasting the fungus of the Hemlock and ground with water on a stone when used. Koona village BC Sep 1883 J.G. Swan."Per the entry on E89186 in the website http://alaska.si.edu/, Ellswash/Ellswarsh may refer to Daniel Eldjiwus [a.k.a. Daniel Elljuuwas], a chief and builder of the House of Contentment at Skidegate.There is conflicting provenance information for this artifact. The list in the accession file appears to identify it as from Skidegate, October 1883. However, the Swan original tag identifies it as from Koona (Skedans), September 1883.