FROM CARD: "ILLUS. IN NAT. MUS. REPT 1887, FIG. 6, P. 170. ALSO IN USNM AR, 1894; FIG. 206-A; P.516." FROM LATE 19TH OR EARLY 20TH CENTURY EXHIBIT LABEL WITH CARD: " ... [BABY] CRADLE---FRAME AND BED. A WOODEN BOX, BOAT SHAPED, WITH PROJECTING HEAD-PIECE PAINTED. THE HEAD PART HELD TOGETHER BY ROPE FIBER; BEDDING OF STRIPPED BARK; SKIN COVER FOR BODY. LENGTH 2 FEET 3 INCHES. WIDTH 7 INCHES. DEPTH 4 INCHES. BELLA BELLA, BRITISH COLUMBIA, 1875. COLLECTED BY J. G. SWAN."Listed on page 43 in "The Exhibits of the Smithsonian Institution at the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, San Francisco, California, 1915", in section "Arts of the Northwest Coast Tribes".

From card: "Illus. in USNM AR, 1888, Pl. 16, fig. 60, p. 270. Loaned to the Department of Exhibits September 17, 1971. Copper teeth; rolling [movable] eyes. [Formerly] Exhibit Hall 9, 1987. Identified in exhibit label as Festival mask - A Human Spirit, Haida, collected at Skidegate village in 1883."On display in National Museum of Natural History exhibit "Objects of Wonder", 2017 - 2025. Exhibit label: Ceremonial mask, Heiltsuk (Bella Bella) or Nuxalk (Bella Coola), acquired from Haida, British Columbia, Canada, 1883; Painted wood, copper, leather. With its moveable eyes and lower jaw, this mask would have inspired awe and veneration. Representing a human-like spirit, the mask and its associated dance paraphernalia were worn by dancers in ritual ceremonies.

From card for E23523-46: "Dec 20, 1972, Bill Holm says that these are definitely Haida."Cultural ID for paddles E23523 - 23546 is somewhat in question. They were catalogued as Clallam, Bill Holm has identified them as Haida, but James Swan in correspondence in the accession file references 24 Bella Bella paddles.

FROM CARD: "LOAN: CROSSROADS SEP 22 1988. ILLUS.: CROSSROADS OF CONTINENTS CATALOGUE; FIG. 183, P.153. LOAN RETURNED: JAN 21 1993." FROM 19TH OR EARLY 20TH CENTURY EXHIBIT LABEL WITH CARD: "HEAD-DRESS.---HEAD OF WOOD, HOLLOWED OUT UNDERNEATH TO FIT HEAD OF WEARER, AND CARVED AND PAINTED ON EXTERIOR TO REPRESENT HEAD OF FISH, THE EYES, MOUTH, AND SPINES BEING OF COPPER. THE GILLS, FINS, BACKBONE, AND TAIL ARE OF WOOD, CARVED, AND PAINTED. THE BODY IS OF CANVAS, STUFFED WITH DRIED GRASS. WORN IN CEREMONIAL DANCES BY A CHIEF OF INDIANS OF BELLA BELLA. LENGTH OF HEAD, 11 INS. BODY, 20 INS. TAIL, 15 INS. TOTAL, 46 INS. BRITISH COLUMBIA, 1876. 20,573. COLLECTED BY J. G. SWAN." Crossroads of Continents catalogue identifies as a Sculpin headdress or "back mask", which would have been worn by a crouching dancer. "This spectacular mask has the dorsal ridge, fins, and spines of the sculpin joined to a body of muslin stuffed with grass. The sculpin's characteristic features are overlaid with copper, a metal of high value and prestige. Eyes are of iron, and an inlay (probably copper) once shone in the nostrils. Painting in black, trade vermillion, and blue (probably derived from the iron silicate mineral, celadonite) elaborates the carving." IDENTIFIED AS BELLA BELLA [HEILTSUK] MASK REPRESENTING SCULPIN, C. 1860, ON P. 189 IN DOWN FROM THE SHIMMERING SKY BY PETER MACNAIR, VANCOUVER ART GALLERY, 1998.

From card: "Base - A, body - B, cap - C."Descriptive information on the card appears to apply to pole model E23547, not 74745.Ian Reid (Heiltsuk), Clyde Tallio (Nuxalk) and Jennifer Kramer (anthropologist) of the delegation from Bella Bella, Bella Coola and Rivers Inlet communities of British Columbia made the following comments during the Recovering Voices Community Research Visit May 20th - 24th, 2013. All of these things depicted on the totem pole are how we came into being as we are today. It's the way things were at the time in our ancestors' world before they became mortal beings like we are today. There are some elements that are similar to Captain Carpenter. Maybe this was carved by his teacher or maybe he did this when he was extremely young.

From card for E23523-46: "Dec 20, 1972, Bill Holm says that these are definitely Haida."Cultural ID for paddles E23523 - 23546 is somewhat in question. They were catalogued as Clallam, Bill Holm has identified them as Haida, but James Swan in correspondence in the accession file references 24 Bella Bella paddles.

Karen Anderson (Nuxalk elder), Ian Reid (Heiltsuk), Clyde Tallio (Nuxalk) and Jennifer Kramer (anthropologist) of the delegation from Bella Bella, Bella Coola and Rivers Inlet communities of British Columbia made the following comments during the Recovering Voices Community Research Visit May 20th - 24th, 2013. The sticks included are yew and maple. Some are female and others are male. Tournaments are common and they last for a few days, participants gamble away horses and other belongings. The player that collects all the sticks will win. When people die in the interior country, their property is gambled away. This practice still occurs today.

From card for E23523-46: "Dec 20, 1972, Bill Holm says that these are definitely Haida."Cultural ID for paddles E23523 - 23546 is somewhat in question. They were catalogued as Clallam, Bill Holm has identified them as Haida, but James Swan in correspondence in the accession file references 24 Bella Bella paddles.

From card for E23523-46: "Dec 20, 1972, Bill Holm says that these are definitely Haida."Cultural ID for paddles E23523 - 23546 is somewhat in question. They were catalogued as Clallam, Bill Holm has identified them as Haida, but James Swan in correspondence in the accession file references 24 Bella Bella paddles.