« Among the most highly decorated items in the Speck collection are six roll-up sewing bags used by women to hold needles, thread or sinew, and other sewing materials. All are approximately rectangular in shape and have three pockets or compartments. Since each is quite distinctive, they will be described separately. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.10, fig 17b (p.45). « The upper and lower pockets of the fourth roll-up bag are ornamented with strips of deteriorating dog skin and the center pocket has a strip of mink skin. The lining is of black printed cotton cloth. Outer edges of the bag as well as the edges of the pockets are bound with blue and gray cotton tape and decorated with loops of seed beads. At the upper end is a semi-circular section of patterned wool felt cloth, in the center of which is a stylized floral design in orange, green, clear, and two shades of yellow seed beads; the backing is of brown cotton cloth (fig. 17b). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.11, fig 17b (p.45). « The four roll-up bags that have just been described were collected among the Natasquan band. The remaining two bags, from Lake St. John, are made entirely from cloth. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.11, fig 16b, 17b et c, 18c (p.44). « Speck (1935, pp. 190-191) has noted that for the Montagnais, the symbolic pictorial representation of a plant or animal was equivalent to the actual plant or animal and those portrayed were believed to come under the control of the individual human spirit. Dreams played a major part in suggesting the relationship between specific animals or plants and an individual. The spirit was strengthened by having its dream promptings obeyed and success in subsistence activities was thereby assured. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.10.

« Among the most highly decorated items in the Speck collection are six roll-up sewing bags used by women to hold needles, thread or sinew, and other sewing materials. All are approximately rectangular in shape and have three pockets or compartments. Since each is quite distinctive, they will be described separately. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.10 fig 18c (p.46). « Perhaps the most attractive of the roll-up bags, and certainly the one in the best condition, has heavy wool felt pockets covered with strips of loon and grebe feathers, the latter covering the center pocket. The upper and lower pockets have beaded strips of red wool felt at the openings while the middle pocket has a beaded strip of black felt in the same position. At the upper end is a section of blue felt with a beaded cross in the center and a series of short strands of beads around the edges. The binding is gray cotton tape to which are fastened short alternating strips of red and yellow beads and loops of blue and yellow beads; the back is of blue wool felt (fig. 18c). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.11 fig 18c (p.46). « The four roll-up bags that have just been described were collected among the Natasquan band. The remaining two bags, from Lake St. John, are made entirely from cloth. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.11, fig 16b, 17b et c, 18c (p.44). « Speck (1935, pp. 190-191) has noted that for the Montagnais, the symbolic pictorial representation of a plant or animal was equivalent to the actual plant or animal and those portrayed were believed to come under the control of the individual human spirit. Dreams played a major part in suggesting the relationship between specific animals or plants and an individual. The spirit was strengthened by having its dream promptings obeyed and success in subsistence activities was thereby assured. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.10.

« Among the most highly decorated items in the Speck collection are six roll-up sewing bags used by women to hold needles, thread or sinew, and other sewing materials. All are approximately rectangular in shape and have three pockets or compartments. Since each is quite distinctive, they will be described separately. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.10, fig 17c (p.45). « A smaller and less ornate bag also has strips of white fox fur ornamenting the lower halves of the pockets, much of which has deteriorated, revealing a cotton lining underneath. The upper halves of the pockets are alternating black, red, and blue strips of wool felt and the specimen is trimmed on the sides with purple cotton tape; the upper and lower edges have narrow strips of light green tape and the back is a single strip of black wool felt. There are loops of seed beads sewn to each side and beaded designs on the upper halves of the pockets (fig. 17c).» Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.11, fig 17c (p.45). « The four roll-up bags that have just been described were collected among the Natasquan band. The remaining two bags, from Lake St. John, are made entirely from cloth. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.11, fig 16b, 17b et c, 18c (p.44).

« Among the most highly decorated items in the Speck collection are six roll-up sewing bags used by women to hold needles, thread or sinew, and other sewing materials. All are approximately rectangular in shape and have three pockets or compartments. Since each is quite distinctive, they will be described separately. The most elaborately decorated bag has strips of white fox fur sewn on cotton lining to form the lower half of each pocket, while the upper halves are of alternate strips of red and black wool felt. The back is of blue patterned cotton cloth and the entire bag is trimmed with purple cotton tape. A non-functional white button is sewn in the center of each pocket and loops of seed beads in a variety of colors are sewn along the edges with additional beaded decoration on the upper halves of the pockets (fig. 16b). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.10, fig 16b (p.44). « The four roll-up bags that have just been described were collected among the Natasquan band. The remaining two bags, from Lake St. John, are made entirely from cloth. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.11, fig 16b, 17b et c, 18c (p.44). « Speck (1935, pp. 190-191) has noted that for the Montagnais, the symbolic pictorial representation of a plant or animal was equivalent to the actual plant or animal and those portrayed were believed to come under the control of the individual human spirit. Dreams played a major part in suggesting the relationship between specific animals or plants and an individual. The spirit was strengthened by having its dream promptings obeyed and success in subsistence activities was thereby assured. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.10.

« The Montagnais-Naskapi believed that taking a sweat bath, like drumming, strengthened the will and "reinforced the soul spirit" of the individual (Speck, 1935, p. 212). The collection contains a model bathhouse from the Barren Ground band which is described in Speck's notes as being the "scene of a shaman's efforts." It consists of four narrow sticks of wood set in a wooden base and slanting toward one another at the top. Another strip is bent to circle the four at the top and lashed to them. This framework is covered with a strip of tanned caribou skin, the ends of which are sewn together with sinew (fig. 26a). The bathhouses of the Lake St. John Montagnais, the Mistassini, and the Naskapi of northern Labrador are all described as being dome-shaped and formed of poles thrust in the ground to form a circular enclosure (Speck, 1935, p. 212; Rogers, 1967, p. 14; Turner, 1894, p. 299). Rather than a bathhouse as Speck indicates, this specimen may be a model of a "shaking tent," a specially constructed lodge in which a shaman conversed with spirits (E. S. Rogers, personal communication). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.21.

« The consulting of oracles so as to determine where and when to hunt and to know the future with reference to the weather, illness, and personal matters was extremely important to the Lake St. John Montagnais. It is a subject that has been discussed in considerable detail by Speck (1935, pp. 138-147). A more recent discussion of the subject, with a different interpretation, is found in Tanner (1979, ch. 6). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.19. Divination was also practiced with other animal bones. The collection contains two beaver pelvic bones that were used in divination by touch. To learn the outcome of the next hunt, the hunter held the bone over his head and attempted, without looking, to put his finger in the oval opening (Speck, 1935, pp. 160-161; Tanner, 1979, p. 128). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.20.

« Tobacco pouches, particularly the roll-up variety, were frequently closed with the aid of fasteners which also served as pipe cleaners. There are 13 of these in the Speck collection and they are quite similar, consisting of a narrow piece of bone tapered or pointed at one end with a suspension hole at the other. Usually the neck constricts and there is a series of notches around the suspension hole. Another characteristic is parallel or crossed incised lines below the suspension hole. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.13. « An unusual fastener is made from a bird bone sharpened at one end (fig. 9f). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.13, fig 9f (p.37).

«Associated with the baby sack is an irregularly shaped wrapper made from a number of tanned skins, probably from unborn animals. At irregular intervals along the edges are short ties of the same material. An infant would be wrapped in such a wrapper before being placed in the baby sack. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982),