E-231014: Painted Wooden Spoon “Haida, British Columbia. Plain form after the home spoon; painted with mythological design in black and red.” (Catalog card)Comment from Graduate Student Research Paper, "A Report on Accession #42610 of the National Museum of Natural History", written by Athena Hsieh in April 2012, for the class "Anthropology in the Museum" taught by NMNH Curator, Dr. J. Daniel Rogers for the George Washington University. Approved for inclusion into notes by Dr. Igor Krupnik. Dr. Krupnik and NMNH has not verified the contents of the comment below, and suggests future researchers verify the remarks before citing Ms. Hsieh. The complete paper is attached to the accession record of this object in EMu. "This spoon is carved from a light-colored wood, possibly cedar, and is painted with a killer whale design on the front. The back of the spoon is undecorated. In describing traditional Haida spoons, Dr. Swanton wrote, “Sometimes they illustrate a story, sometimes they are the crests of the owner, and sometimes they are purely ornamental” (137). The stories most commonly told by the ornamentation on carved spoons were Raven stories, where Raven would occasionally be represented as human figures, both male and female. According to Dr. Swanton in, “only (hunting) members of the Raven clan, on the West Coast, used spoons when they ate black cod. The Eagles used their hands” (Swanton 1905, 57). Spoons were also used in potlatches for feasting and given away as gifts (164). However, most of the spoons Dr. Swanton based this research on were carved from goat's horn. His only mention of wooden spoons in “Ethnology” referred to illustrations of designs from wooden spoons “used in eating soap-berries” (147). This spoon, which has a flat, straight handle, does not appear to have been used as a utensil, suggesting that Dr. Swanton may have collected this from a craftsman selling trade goods. The lack of any complex designs or additional crest images supports this. Citations: Swanton, John R. 1905. “Contributions to the Ethnology of the Haida” in Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 8-1. New York: G. E. Stechert. Swanton, John R. 1905. Haida Texts and Myths: Skidegate Dialect. Washington: Government Printing Office."

FROM CARD: "EXCHANGED WITH MRS. J. CROSBY BROWN, JAN. 3, 1896." ACCESSION RECORDS AND LEDGER DRAWINGS INDICATE THAT THERE WERE 6 INVERTED DOUBLE REED WHISTLES, ORIGINAL #80, AND 2 OOLALLA WHISTLES, ORIGINAL #S 81 AND 82. UNFORTUNATELY, DUE TO A MISTAKE DURING CATALOGUING, ONLY 7 CATALOGUE NUMBERS WERE ASSIGNED TO THESE 8 OBJECTS. ONE OF THE REED WHISTLES AND OOLALLA WHISTLE #81 WOUND UP AT ONE POINT BOTH BEING CALLED CATALOGUE #89062. AS NOTED ABOVE, THE REED WHISTLE ORIGINALLY GIVEN CATALOGUE #89061 HAS BEEN EXCHANGED. THEREFORE THE "EXTRA" REED WHISTLE ONCE NUMBERED 89062 HAS BEEN GIVEN #89061, TO DISTINGUISH IT FROM THE OOLALLA WHISTLE WHICH HAS BEEN KEPT AS 89062. - F. PICKERING 6-9-1997

FROM CARD: "45989 LOANED TO RENWICK GALLERY 2/11/82. RETURNED 6/1983. LOANED TO SITES-TREASURES 5-10-84. RETURNED 11-19-84. HORN LADLE, CA. 1850-80. TLINGIT INDIANS; ALASKA. MOUNTAIN-SHEEP HORN 24 X 13 X 6 7/8 (61 X 33 X 17.5). LADLES MADE OF MOUNTAIN-SHEEP HORN WERE FABRICATED BY FIRST STEAMING AND BENDING THE HORN ON A MOLD AND THEN CARVING THE DESIRED DESIGN. RAVENS AND BIRDS OF PREY---SYMBOLS OF DEATH AND REINCARNATION ---ARE FREQUENTLY DEPICTED. THE FIGURE WITH THE RECURVED BEAK REPRESENTS THE SHARED SOUL OF MAN AND SPIRIT, INTERMEDIATE BETWEEN BIRD AND HUMAN."

FROM CARD: "FIRST HEADRING OF "HAYALIKAWI." ILLUS. IN USNM REPT, 1895; FIG. 174; P. 517."