« Two styles of netted snowshoes are represented in the Speck collection by a single pair each. Both pairs have birchwood frames and babiche netting. One pair, from Kiskisink, is constructed in the "swallow tail" style (Davidson, 1937, pp. 67-68, fig. 27c) in which the ends of the frame form a tail. Although Davidson describes this style in his chapter on snowshoes with two-piece frames, this specimen has a frame consisting of a single piece of wood, the ends of which are lashed together with babiche at the tail. There are two slightly curved cross bars which are morticed into the frame. The harnesses are made of clothes line and the wearer's heel rested on a rectangular piece of tanned caribou skin which is folded over the opening and sewn into the netting. One shoe has a large area of broken netting in the center which has been repaired with twine (fig. 31a). According to Rogers (1967, pp. 91-92), swallow-tail snowshoes were used by the Mistassini at the time of his fieldwork in the early 1950s and were worn by both men and women. Men used them during November and December and again in the spring when the snow was heavy. During mid-winter they were used by men only on well-packed trails. Women used them all winter. The snowshoes of this type that Rogers describes had a one-piece frame like the pair in the Speck collection. According to Speck's notes, the swallow-tail style was the typical form among eastern Montagnais bands. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.18, fig 31a (p.59). « The manufacture of snowshoes among the Lake St. John and Mistassini Indians has been described in considerable detail by Lips (1947, pp. 69-77) and Rogers (1967, pp. 91-101). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.18.

« Among the neighboring Mistassini Indians, Speck collected a complete woman's costume consisting of a cloth dress, sleeves, sash, leggings, and head band. This costume, or one very similar to it, is shown in a photograph made by Speck (fig. 23) which resembles photographs reproduced with a description in his publication on the Mistassini (1930, fig. 123, p. 453, fig. 124, p. 454). Since this style of dress was no longer worn at the time of Speck's fieldwork, the costume was undoubtedly made for the collector. The sleeveless dress is made from two pieces of purple wool felt sewn together at the sides. The square-cut lower edge, sleeve openings, and V-shaped neck opening are edged with red cotton tape. Two short lengths of the same material are sewn to the lower edge of the neck opening. Sections of the front of this dress are faded as the result of lighting in an exhibition case. Separate sleeves of the same material and with the same edging are each made from a single piece of cloth. They are wide at the shoulders, overlapping the arm spaces of the dress, and narrow at the cuffs. They were tied across the shoulders by a rectangular strip of cloth (fig. 24d). » Vanstone, James W. ""The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec."" Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.14, fig 24a (p.52)."

« Among the neighboring Mistassini Indians, Speck collected a complete woman's costume consisting of a cloth dress, sleeves, sash, leggings, and head band. This costume, or one very similar to it, is shown in a photograph made by Speck (fig. 23) which resembles photographs reproduced with a description in his publication on the Mistassini (1930, fig. 123, p. 453, fig. 124, p. 454). Since this style of dress was no longer worn at the time of Speck's fieldwork, the costume was undoubtedly made for the collector. The sleeveless dress is made from two pieces of purple wool felt sewn together at the sides. The square-cut lower edge, sleeve openings, and V-shaped neck opening are edged with red cotton tape. Two short lengths of the same material are sewn to the lower edge of the neck opening. Sections of the front of this dress are faded as the result of lighting in an exhibition case. Separate sleeves of the same material and with the same edging are each made from a single piece of cloth. They are wide at the shoulders, overlapping the arm spaces of the dress, and narrow at the cuffs. They were tied across the shoulders by a rectangular strip of cloth (fig. 24d). » Vanstone, James W. ""The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec."" Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.14, fig 24a (p.52)."

« The sash, which was fastened around the waist, consists of three sewn pieces of purple wool felt with edging similar to the previously described garments and with a red silk tie at either end. (fig. 24e). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.14, fig 24e (p.37).

« Among the neighboring Mistassini Indians, Speck collected a complete woman's costume consisting of a cloth dress, sleeves, sash, leggings, and head band. This costume, or one very similar to it, is shown in a photograph made by Speck (fig. 23) which resembles photographs reproduced with a description in his publication on the Mistassini (1930, fig. 123, p. 453, fig. 124, p. 454). Since this style of dress was no longer worn at the time of Speck's fieldwork, the costume was undoubtedly made for the collector. The sleeveless dress is made from two pieces of purple wool felt sewn together at the sides. The square-cut lower edge, sleeve openings, and V-shaped neck opening are edged with red cotton tape. Two short lengths of the same material are sewn to the lower edge of the neck opening. Sections of the front of this dress are faded as the result of lighting in an exhibition case. Separate sleeves of the same material and with the same edging are each made from a single piece of cloth. They are wide at the shoulders, overlapping the arm spaces of the dress, and narrow at the cuffs. They were tied across the shoulders by a rectangular strip of cloth (fig. 24a,d). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.14, fig 24a, d (p.52).

« A man's hat is made from a strip of lynx fur sewn to a heavy cotton lining. On the top is an ornament made from a piece of a woodchuck's tail which, according to Speck, serves as a charm worn by the hunter when he goes out to cut birch bark for making a canoe. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.16.

« A man's breech cloth consists of two rectangular pieces of purple wool felt sewn together so that the seam is in the center. Around the edges on one side is a border of red and yellow cotton tape. At one end is a simple floral design in pale yellow silk-wrapped cording (fig. 19b). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.15, fig 19b (p.19).

« The pattern of a man's moose skin jacket which opens down the front consists of a single back piece and two front pieces which are sewn down the sides of the garment and at the shoulders. Each sleeve consists of two pieces, a large piece and a narrow, V-shaped section. The major sleeve seam, into which is sewn a narrow strip of moose skin, is under the arm. The seams connecting the front and back pieces also have this strip sewn into them. The collar is a separate piece of skin and another narrow section is inserted between the front and back pieces and the collar. Down the front are five red buttons which are inserted into holes reinforced with red thread. A sixth is on the opposite side at the collar and there are single similar but non-functional buttons on each cuff. The garment is sewn with fine twine (fig. 27). The primary decorative element of this specimen is binding of red cotton tape which extends around the lower edge, up both sides of the front opening, and around the collar. Strips of red wool felt are sewn into the seams which join the sleeves to the front and back pieces and around the edges of the cuffs. A strip of red tape is sewn around each sleeve 6 cm from the edge of the cuff. Along the lower edge of these strips is feather stitching in light blue yarn. Similar stitching in yellow yarn extends around the inside of the binding on the lower edge and up the right side of the front. A round the inside of the binding on the collar is the same stitching in white yarn. Speck describes the embroidered ornaments in blue, red, and yellow cotton thread on either lapel as stylized flowers, but says nothing about their significance. On the left arm near the shoulder is a butterfly-shaped ornament of red wool felt outlined in blue yarn with a small rosette design of the same material in the center. It is described as simply a "decoration" (fig. 28). Speck further noted that the jacket was worn by a hunter and the red binding has "symbolic value, i.e. game." He noted the similarity between this binding and the painted red seams on Naskapi garments from the northern interior. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.15, fig 27 (p.55) et p.16, fig 28 (p.56). « Speck (1935, pp. 190-191) has noted that for the Montagnais, the symbolic pictorial representation of a plant or animal was equivalent to the actual plant or animal and those portrayed were believed to come under the control of the individual human spirit. Dreams played a major part in suggesting the relationship between specific animals or plants and an individual. The spirit was strengthened by having its dream promptings obeyed and success in subsistence activities was thereby assured. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.10.

« Two pot hooks of alder twigs are bent at one end to form a loop and lashed with spruce root. At the other end a hook is formed by a small branch (fig. 5c). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.9, fig 5c (p.33).