« A pair of boy's skis is crudely made from two thin pieces of birchwood which turn up slightly at the front. The bindings are narrow strips of tanned caribou skin (fig. 33). Skis, of course, were not used aboriginally by the Montagnais or any other North American Indian group and these appear to have been made in imitation of those worn by Euro-Canadians in the area. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.18, fig 33 (p.61).

« Closely resembling a tumpline is the ceremonial game carrying string, which was an important item in the religious equipment of hunters and was related to the placation of game animals. Such "strings" and their significance are described by Rogers (1967, p. 114) and, in considerable detail, by Speck (1935, pp. 203-212) and Speck and Hyde (1921). The collection contains a single example made of two pieces of tanned moose skin 233 cm long which widens in the center to a width of 3 cm. The two pieces are sewn together with twine at the center of the widened section. At intervals along the entire length are sewn strips of red wool felt and short pieces of silk-wrapped cording which symbolize game (fig. 32k). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec."" Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.19, fig 32k (p.60).

« Two trays consist of three rectangular pieces of birch bark tied together with string. To prevent splitting, sticks the width of each end were split in half and secured on either side of the ends with spruce root (fig. 8). According to Speck, meat obtained through dream instructions was placed on these trays at the time of feasts. Rogers (1967, pp. 34-35) describes similar trays used by the Mistassini and he notes that they may have been used only for feast food. When not in use, these trays were rolled into a cylinder and tied. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.8-9.

« Two trays consist of three rectangular pieces of birch bark tied together with string. To prevent splitting, sticks the width of each end were split in half and secured on either side of the ends with spruce root (fig. 8). According to Speck, meat obtained through dream instructions was placed on these trays at the time of feasts. Rogers (1967, pp. 34-35) describes similar trays used by the Mistassini and he notes that they may have been used only for feast food. When not in use, these trays were rolled into a cylinder and tied. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.8-9.

« A fourth basket is similar in construction to those just described, but is much smaller and narrower and has no lid (fig. 9n). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.9, fig 9n (p.37). « A different technique has been used to decorate the small, uncovered basket. Negative designs are produced by scraping them into the dark coating of the inner bark so that they are shown a lighter color than the surrounding bark (Speck, 1937, p. 72). On one side of this basket are what appear to be a series of crude floral designs and on the other a crude representation of a canoe with two occupants (fig. 9n). » Ibis. « Speck (1935, pp. 190-191) has noted that for the Montagnais, the symbolic pictorial representation of a plant or animal was equivalent to the actual plant or animal and those portrayed were believed to come under the control of the individual human spirit. Dreams played a major part in suggesting the relationship between specific animals or plants and an individual. The spirit was strengthened by having its dream promptings obeyed and success in subsistence activities was thereby assured. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.10.

« Four birch bark containers, all from the Chicoutimi band which utilized territory to the east of the Lake St. John Band, are described as eating dishes. Each is made from a single piece of bark and has sides that slope outward to an oval or round rim. The rims of all four dishes are separate pieces of wood, probably birch, secured, in three cases, to the tops of the containers with spruce or larch root which was also used to stitch the corners. At intervals on the rim of one of these dishes, four pieces of red cloth, approximately 9 cm in length, have been woven into the root lashing as decoration (fig. 6). The rim of the fourth vessel is tied on with twine and this specimen has been extensively repaired with both twine and roots. One dish has heart-shaped etched designs on all four sides (fig. 7), a decorative technique that will be discussed in more detail when covered baskets are described. The four vessels range in height from 12 to 20 cm, and in diameter from 36 cm to approximately 49 cm. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), Vanstone p.8, fig 6 (p.34), 7 (p.35).

« Four birch bark containers, all from the Chicoutimi band which utilized territory to the east of the Lake St. John Band, are described as eating dishes. Each is made from a single piece of bark and has sides that slope outward to an oval or round rim. The rims of all four dishes are separate pieces of wood, probably birch, secured, in three cases, to the tops of the containers with spruce or larch root which was also used to stitch the corners. At intervals on the rim of one of these dishes, four pieces of red cloth, approximately 9 cm in length, have been woven into the root lashing as decoration (fig. 6). The rim of the fourth vessel is tied on with twine and this specimen has been extensively repaired with both twine and roots. One dish has heart-shaped etched designs on all four sides (fig. 7), a decorative technique that will be discussed in more detail when covered baskets are described. The four vessels range in height from 12 to 20 cm, and in diameter from 36 cm to approximately 49 cm. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), Vanstone p.8, fig 6 (p.34), 7 (p.35). « A characteristic feature of these baskets is the presence of etched designs on tops and sides. The primary method of producing this ornamentation is by laying cut-out birch bark design patterns on the surface and scraping away the dark inner bark everywhere except where the design has been traced with the point of a knife. The positive design thus stands out dark against a light background (Speck, 1937, p. 71). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), Vanstone p.9.

« Four birch bark containers, all from the Chicoutimi band which utilized territory to the east of the Lake St. John Band, are described as eating dishes. Each is made from a single piece of bark and has sides that slope outward to an oval or round rim. The rims of all four dishes are separate pieces of wood, probably birch, secured, in three cases, to the tops of the containers with spruce or larch root which was also used to stitch the corners. At intervals on the rim of one of these dishes, four pieces of red cloth, approximately 9 cm in length, have been woven into the root lashing as decoration (fig. 6). The rim of the fourth vessel is tied on with twine and this specimen has been extensively repaired with both twine and roots. One dish has heart-shaped etched designs on all four sides (fig. 7), a decorative technique that will be discussed in more detail when covered baskets are described. The four vessels range in height from 12 to 20 cm, and in diameter from 36 cm to approximately 49 cm. » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), Vanstone p.8, fig 6 (p.34), 7 (p.35).

« A needle case made from the leg bone of a lynx has a wooden bottom inserted flush with the edge of the bone, and a stopper of the same material (fig. 9k). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.10 fig 9k (p.37).

« A cylindrical container of birch bark is a case for beaver scent or castoreum that was carried on trapping excursions by hunters. This type of container was also sometimes used for matches (Speck, 1937, p. 63, pi. XXI, group A). The rolled piece of bark is morticed in place and the bottom is a section of wood held in place with small tacks. The mouth is closed by a wooden plug (fig. 5i). » Vanstone, James W. "The Speck Collection of Montagnais Material Culture from the Lower St. Lawrence Drainage, Quebec." Fieldiana. Anthropology. New Series, No. 5 (October 29, 1982), p.10 fig 5I (p.33).