SKIN QUIVER - WRITTEN ON IT IS "ARROWS + QUIVER, N.W. COAST AMERICA - COLUMBIA R. EX EX LT. W.M. WALKER USN. MARTIN [sic, probably Marten] SKIN(?)". IT IS MARKED 5414, BUT THAT IS THE WRONG #. QUIVER MAY BE A WILKES/U.S. EXPLORING EXPEDITION OBJECT? HAS BEEN GIVEN # ET24104-0 FOR TRACKING PURPOSES.This quiver, though in poor condition (in 2015), resembles one shown in "Narrative of the United States Exploring Expedition," Charles Wilkes, 1845, Vol. V, p. 238, and described pp. 237-238. This illustration shows a man wearing a quiver, and is captioned "Costume of a Callapuya [i.e. Kalapuya] Indian." Wilkes identifies the Kalapuya quiver as "seal skin" in the publication, but the Kalapuya lived in the Willamette Valley of Western Oregon, so did not usually use sealskin for artifacts. The quiver itself is marked "martin skin". The American marten is a long, slender-bodied weasel about the size of a mink. Seemingly the only explicit reference to a quiver from North America in the Peale catalogue is Peale # 214, which is identified in the Peale catalogue as "Bow, arrows, and fox skin quivers, used by the natives of California." Peale # 214 has not been located in the Anthropology collections. However, Peale # 214 may be the quiver mentioned as acquired by the expedition on p. 253 of "Narrative of the United States Exploring Expedition," Charles Wilkes, 1845, Vol. V. If so, it was acquired in Siskiyou County, California probably, as the publication talks about the southern branch of the "Klamet" (Klamath) River and the lava beds; historically this was a Modoc area. This provenance would conflict with Columbia River one as written on quiver ET24104, so that makes it unlikely to be Peale # 214. In Smithsonian Institution Archives Record Unit 7058, National Institute Records, Box 14, Folder 1, there is a letter from Titian Peale and Charles Pickering to Charles Wilkes dated January 10, 1842, from the US Ship Vincennes. In this letter is of a list of artifacts received by them from the officers of the Vincennes, per Wilkes' instructions that such things should be turned in to be part of the collection, and not retained by individuals. In this list Midshipman Samuel Elliott's material includes objects from California and the Northwest Coast, including 2 fox skin quivers. Lt. Thomas Budd's material includes 1 fox skin quiver from California. It is therefore possible that ET24104 may be one of the quivers listed in that letter, even though Lt. Walker's name is written on it (Walker served on a number of the expedition ships, including the Vincennes.) It is also possible that Walker turned in arrows and a quiver, with only the arrows being registered due to an oversight.

CEDAR BARK BLANKET WITH A SINGLE TWIST RAWHIDE FINISH ALONG TOP, AND TWO DOUBLE CORDS FOR TYING. THIS MAY HAVE ONCE HAVE BEEN AN OTTER FUR TRIM. SINGLE-PAIR (3 WARPS) EDGE, & SINGLE-PAIR TWINE WEFT. MARKS: HAS ORIGINAL PEALE TAG, ANOTHER TAG READS, "U.S. EX EX COLLECTED BY R.P. ROBINSON".FROM CARD: "ILLUS. FIG. 20, P. 16 IN A GUIDE TO WEFT TWINING BY DAVID W. FRASER. PHILADELPHIA: UNIVERSITY OF PENN. PRESS, 1989."Catalogue card identifies this as Shasta, but Peale catalogue entry under # 315 lists 315-318 as "Dresses worn by the women of the Classet tribe of natives, Northwest Coast of America, they are made of bark."

PEALE # 301. CHIEF'S HEADDRESS WITH A CAP MADE OF DEER SKIN, AND A FRONTLET WHICH IS AN INLAID AND PAINTED MASK. THERE IS A LONG CLOTH TRAILER AT THE BACK, AND THE REMAINS OF FEATHERS, THE QUILLS AND DOWN AROUND THE TOP AND SIDES. HAS ORIGINAL PEALE TAG, ALSO WRITTEN ON MASK "NOOTKA SOUND, JL FOX". VIOLA & MARGOLIS, "MAGNIFICENT VOYAGERS," 1985, ILLUS. P. 141. THIS FRONTLET & HEADDRESS WERE RECATALOGUED WITH #72969, & A NOTATION READS, "REENTERED, SEPTEMBER 24, 1883"- THE PIECE NO LONGER HAS THIS NUMBER IN IT, BUT RETAINS ITS ORIGINAL NUMBERS. THIS RECATALOGING WAS APPARENTLY DONE AFTER THE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION IN PHILADELPHIA. ON THE RETURN PERHAPS ITS TAG HAD BEEN LOST. EXHIBITED MAGNIFICENT VOYAGERS, NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, 1985-86.FROM CARD: "INLAID WITH ABALONE SHELL. MARKED "NOOTKA SOUND" WITH ORIGINAL NUMBER. HOWEVER, THE ORIGINAL NUMBER APPEARS TO BE 301 NOT 296. ACCORDING TO THE 'PEALE' CATALOG THIS SHOULD BE 296 [?]."Provenience note, in 1841 Oregon Territory encompassed the land from Russian Alaska to Spanish California and from the Pacific to the Continental Divide. The U.S. Exploring Expedition did not go to Canada, but did reach Oregon Territory in 1841, and carried out a hydrographic survey of the Columbia River from its mouth to the Cascades, as well as doing some surveying inland.They had dealings with Hudson's Bay Company staff during that time, and it is probable that the HBC is the source of a number of the Northwest Coast artifacts collected by the expedition. The fact that this is marked "Nootka sound.", i.e. possibly Nootka?, is evidence for the HBC as the source of this mask.

BLADE, MOUNTED, "OREGON - CAPT. WILKES" 2505 WRONG #. GIVEN # ET23177-0 FOR TRACKING PURPOSES. Possibly U.S. Exploring Expedition/Wilkes collection?

Peale catalogue identifies these paddles as "Paddles from Pugets sound, and the river Columbia." Catalogue card identifies as from the Northwest Coast.Three diamond/leaf shaped bladed paddles with T-handle grips. Blades and top of shafts painted red. Parts of blades of # 2 and # 3 are missing, and # 3 is missing part of handle grip.

FROM CARD: "CARVED FROM WOOD. SURMOUNTED BY A MASK. 9 TEETH."Illus. p. 240, and described on p. 240 and p. 382 in Gilman, Carolyn. 2003. Lewis and Clark across the divide. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books. It is noted there: "Combs like this one are sometimes identified as weaving combs, but the Chinook did little weaving and may have used them for grooming and decoration instead. ... Similar combs from farther north were collected on Captain James Cook's expedition in 1778."Peale # 252. Peale catalogue describes #s 251-253 as "Wooden combs made by the natives of Oregon."Carved from a single piece of wood. Rectangular in shape with long, slightly irregular carved teeth. On top of comb is a carved human head with beard and pronounced eyebrows. The face, except around the eyebrows, and top part of comb is colored with red. Eyebrows are colored black.Per Bill Holm - Columbia River up to mid Vancouver Island; more likely Juan de Fuca Strait.

FROM CARD: "A PAIR."Peale catalogue identifies these paddles as "Paddles from Pugets sound, and the river Columbia." Catalogue card identifies as from the Northwest Coast.2 dark stained paddles with leaf shaped blades. # 1 of 2 has root/line binding on handle and is marked "Nootka". # 2 of 2 is missing grip end of handle. Tips of blades of both are damaged.

CEDAR MASK, PORTRAIT OF A MAN'S FACE W/ WHISKERS AT THE SIDES OF HIS MOUTH AND CHIN. EARLY DRAWING OF THIS MASK IN S.I. ANNUAL REPORT III SHOWS FUR GLUED TO HAIR LINE AT TOP AND SIDES OF HEAD. ZIGZAG LINES OF TATTOOING FROM THE RIGHT SIDE OF HIS NOSE ACROSS HIS CHEEK. MARKS - WRITTEN ON FOREHEAD OF MASK, "OREGON, [THE SHIP] BY R. WALDRON - EX EX." PUBLICATION: BAE 3RD ANNUAL REPORT, PL. XIV, FIG. 24, P. 173 & 113 (WHERE IT WAS ATTRIBUTED AS POSSIBLY HAIDA). PORTRAIT MASKS FROM THE NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA BY J.C.H. KING, P. 54-55. "MAGNIFICENT VOYAGERS" BY VIOLA & MARGOLIS, ILLUSTRATED P. 141. EXHIBITED MAGNIFICENT VOYAGERS, NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, 1985-86. EXHIBITED SITES "MAGNIFICENT VOYAGERS," 1987-89.THE MASK WAS ON PERMANENT EXHIBIT IN THE NORTHWEST COAST SECTION OF THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN HALL, NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, AND REMOVED IN 1985.FROM CARD: "CEDAR WOOD; REPRESENTING A MAN'S FACE; WITH WISKERS AT SIDE OF MOUTH AND ON TIP OF CHIN. LINE OF "TATOOING" [tattooing] FROM RIGHT SIDE OF NOSE ACROSS RIGHT CHEEK. ILLUS. BAE 3RD ANNUAL REPORT, PL. XIV, FIG. 24, P. 173."Illus. Fig. 49, p. 55 in King, J. C. H. 1979. Portrait masks from the Northwest Coast of America. [New York]: Thames and Hudson. Identified there (p. 54) as: "Haida human face mask, very finely carved with a minimum of facial painting. It is made of wood, and fur, probably glued on with pitch or gum from pine trees, has been added to the head and face to indicate hair, moustache and beard."Provenience note, in 1841 Oregon Territory encompassed the land from Russian Alaska to Spanish California and from the Pacific to the Continental Divide. The U.S. Exploring Expedition did not go to Canada, but did reach Oregon Territory in 1841, and carried out a hydrographic survey of the Columbia River from its mouth to the Cascades, as well as doing some surveying inland.They had dealings with Hudson's Bay Company staff during that time, and it is probable that the HBC is the source of a number of the Northwest Coast artifacts collected by the expedition. Peale catalogue identifies this artifact as "Wooden mask made by the natives of Nootka sound.", i.e. possibly Nootka?, which is further evidence for the HBC as the source of this mask.

FROM CARD: "CARVED FROM WOOD; TEN TEETH 2 1/2 INCHES LONG; SURMOUNTED BY FIGURE OF A MAN." [back of card]: "LENT TO THE BURKE MUSEUM, 2/23/89. LOAN RETURNED OCT 10, 1989."*SEE* A TIME OF GATHERING BY ROBIN K. WRIGHT, 1991, P. 108, WHERE THIS OBJECT IS IDENTIFIED AS A COMB, COAST SALISH; CARVED END DEPICTS A HUMAN FIGURE WEARING A EURO-AMERICAN STYLE HAT.Has original Peale # label Peale # 253. Peale catalogue describes #s 251-253 as "Wooden combs made by the natives of Oregon."Comb carved from single piece of wood. Upper portion is a human figure wearing a hat. Head is somewhat naturally rendered, whereas body is simplified. ten teeth form lower portion of comb.