Gray point with large pot lids. (heat spalls).

Base and tip broken. P. Spier

Jade celt or chisel.* Fide donor GTE: Jade celt or scraper, a rough section split from a small boulder, and simply worked to a cutting edge. Jade, serpentine and other tough, fine grained stones were used for making celts, chisels and adzes for all wood working and for cutting and dressing skins. Boulders cut in two, smoothed on one surface and grooved, are found on old village sites and camping places. These are most always of greenstone, of jade and serpentine. And when they occur in many flat worked pieces of a coarse silicious sandstone with one or more beveled edges which just fit the deeper grooves in the boulders which would seem to indicate very clearly that these were the knives or saws by means of which the boulders were cut in convenient sized pieces to be worked on: the slightly concave grindstones into tools. The people of the present day have little or no knowledge of this art or manufacture. The grooves show a convex a flat or a concave goove along the bottom but more often is the convex surface apparent. Some of the tools thus cut are finished throughout their length while others are rough splinters merely brought to a cutting edge. In most of the celts and chisels, one or more grooves are plainly visible where the section was cut from the stock piece. Greenstone was universally used for cutting tools and in the following catalogued specimens (2882-2898) the term jade is used to describe those that from their weight and hardness would appear to be of that mineral, although a chemical analysis would be necessary to determine their material structure. *Information is from the original accession ledger.

Black obsidian point that is side-notched with a convex base. M.Christopher 10/16/1998. Dr. Dennis Jenkins, University of Oregon, sent this specimen to Northwest Research Obsidian Studies Laboratory, Corvalis, OR for analysis (on loan 11/30/98 - 4/9/99). A portion of this specimen was removed for obsidian hydration. The source of raw material was determined to be Cougar Mountain. Northwest Research Obsidian Lab placed a paper tag in the specimen bag with the following information: [Lab Contract #] BO-98-91 [Catalog #1989-57/35-M-] 76 [Collection Name] Bergen [Analysis] Specimen No: 36 [Source Location] Cougar Mountain See also the following report from Northwest Research Obsidian Studies Lab for more detailed analytical data: Skinner, Craig E. and Jennifer J. Thatcher 1998 "X-ray Fluoresence Analysis of Artifact Obsidian from the Bergen Site, Fort Rock Lake Basin, Lake County, Oregon." Northwest Research Obsidian Studies Laboratory, Report 98-91, Corvalis OR. Dr. Jenkins' interpretation of the data was reported at the Northwest Anthropological Conference, 4/8/99 - 4/10/99 in his paper entitled, "Obsidian Characterization and Hydration Results of the Fort Rock Basin Prehistory Project." D. Bradley 04/12/99.

Irregular shape. Thin, flat, mid-section with convex bladej margins.

Stone skin dresser or scraper.* Fide donor GTE: Stone skin dresser. Skin scrapers are found in great abundance about old camps and former living places. They are of various sizes and material. They were of the chipped basalt used for arrow and spear blades; chipped to convenient shape, or of sections of quartzite pebbles split along one face and chipped as required. Some of these were used as hand implements for scraping or softening the skin of the animals of the country, for articles of clothing, while others likewise used were set in the split end of short wood handles and lashed securely by means of hide, root or sinew. They are still used. *Information is from the original accession ledger.

Small, translucent projectile point tip.

Orange, triangular.

Stone image head.* Weathered volcanic cobble (andesite?). Possibly a grooved maul or a net sinker. It has aa central pecked groove and battering on both ends. One end is pecked and this end has a central line pecked into it and two circular areas that were then drilled to resemble eyes (zoomorphic). Red pigment (ochre?) in pecked areas (6/95). *Information is from the original accession ledger.

Irregular shape. White, planoconvex mid-section of a point.