Mammal bone fragments and shell fragments. Found in bag labeled "Site 10-ID-12/2, Cat # MS9, Bone and shell sample 0"-1" exterior dump S end rock shelter. 11/06/55 GLC" According to Guy Marden (see p. 7 of his Draft report of Native American Indian Burials from the Wallowa-Whitman National Forest, copy received at Burke 1995), cat.# 1987-12/5 (referred to as Bag #7 in his report) contained the following: "bone and shell samples from an exterior dump at the south end of the rock shelter." See also cat.# 1987-12/7, which was originally located in this bag as well. We separated the artifacts from each other based on the original catalog numbers. 07/19/1995, K. Smith These bones were separated from the collections to verify that they were not human. Stephanie Jolivette, UW Archaeology Graduate Student, examined them on 6/22/2010 and confirmed that they were not human. Because they were separated from the collection, they were not identified at the time of the transfer to the Wallowa-Whitman National Forest in 2009. M. Noble 6/22/2010. This material will need to be deaccessioned and trasferred to the Wallowa-Whitman National Forest. M. Hotz 7/13/2010

Jade celt or chisel.* Fide donor GTE: Jade chisel, mottled green. Showeing cutting grooves. Jade, serpentine and other tough, fine grained stones were used for making celts, chisels and adzes for all wood working and for cutting and dressing skins. Boulders cut in two, smoothed on one surface and grooved, are found on old village sites and camping places. These are most always of greenstone, of jade and serpentine. And when they occur in many flat worked pieces of a coarse silicious sandstone with one or more beveled edges which just fit the deeper grooves in the boulders which would seem to indicate very clearly that these were the knives or saws by means of which the boulders were cut in convenient sized pieces to be worked on: the slightly concave grindstones into tools. The people of the present day have little or no knowledge of this art or manufacture. The grooves show a convex a flat or a concave goove along the bottom but more often is the convex surface apparent. Some of the tools thus cut are finished throughout their length while others are rough splinters merely brought to a cutting edge. In most of the celts and chisels, one or more grooves are plainly visible where the section was cut from the stock piece. Greenstone was universally used for cutting tools and in the following catalogued specimens (2882-2898) the term jade is used to describe those that from their weight and hardness would appear to be of that mineral, although a chemical analysis would be necessary to determine their material structure. *Information is from the original accession ledger.

Stone skin dresser or scraper.* Fide donor GTE: Stone skin dresser. Skin scrapers are found in great abundance about old camps and former living places. They are of various sizes and material. They were of the chipped basalt used for arrow and spear blades; chipped to convenient shape, or of sections of quartzite pebbles split along one face and chipped as required. Some of these were used as hand implements for scraping or softening the skin of the animals of the country, for articles of clothing, while others likewise used were set in the split end of short wood handles and lashed securely by means of hide, root or sinew. They are still used. *Information is from the original accession ledger.

Mammal bone fragments found in bag labeled "35-WL-4/B1, Cat# PV22, Bone frags - 31 in. level in cut bank in broken rock cluster. 10/20/55 GLC" According to Guy Marden (see p. 13 of his Draft report of Native American Indian Burials from the Wallowa-Whitman National Forest, copy received at Burke 1995), cat.# 1987-12/15 is from site #35-WL-41. He recorded its contents as "7 bone fragments. A proximal humerus fragment may be from a human infant, however it has a fossa in its articulating surface." I believe he misread the site number on the label. It should be 35-WL-4 [35-WA-4]. Additionally, I believe the bones are not those of a human, but rather an artiodactyl. 07/21/1995, K. Smith. These bones were separated from the collections to verify that they were not human. Stephanie Jolivette, UW Archaeology Graduate Student, examined them on 6/22/2010 and confirmed that they were not human. Because they were separated from the collection, they were not identified at the time of the transfer to the Wallowa-Whitman National Forest in 2009. M. Noble 6/22/2010. This material will need to be deaccessioned and transferred to the Wallowa-Whitman National Forest. M. Hotz 7/13/2010

Stone skin dresser or scraper.* Fide donor GTE: Stone skin dresser. Skin scrapers are found in great abundance about old camps and former living places. They are of various sizes and material. They were of the chipped basalt used for arrow and spear blades; chipped to convenient shape, or of sections of quartzite pebbles split along one face and chipped as required. Some of these were used as hand implements for scraping or softening the skin of the animals of the country, for articles of clothing, while others likewise used were set in the split end of short wood handles and lashed securely by means of hide, root or sinew. They are still used. *Information is from the original accession ledger.

Boulder of bright bluish green. Remarks - Lent to Sacajawa, 1940.* Fide donor GTE: Water worn boulder of a bright bluish green mottled jade. From an old Indian village on the Fraser River, B.C., across from and above Lytton. *Information is from the original accession ledger.

9 arrow points, triangular (small).* 8 found & in new location. TAR, 5/3/1993. *Information is from the original accession ledger.

Stone skin dresser or scraper.* Fide donor GTE: Stone skin dresser. Skin scrapers are found in great abundance about old camps and former living places. They are of various sizes and material. They were of the chipped basalt used for arrow and spear blades; chipped to convenient shape, or of sections of quartzite pebbles split along one face and chipped as required. Some of these were used as hand implements for scraping or softening the skin of the animals of the country, for articles of clothing, while others likewise used were set in the split end of short wood handles and lashed securely by means of hide, root or sinew. They are still used. *Information is from the original accession ledger.

Stone hammer.* Fide donor GTE: Top of stone hand hammer. The most common stone implement found about Lytton, either dug up on old village sites or preserved by the present generation, is the hand hammer or pestle. It is made from a variety of fine-grained rocks, generally of convenient size and shaped boulders that require the least amount of labor to bring them to the required shape. Such pieces are pecked into shape, having a heavy base sometimes deep, the sides meeting the bottom at right angles, and again greatly expanded. The body of the hammer where it is grasped by the hand is generally smaller than the expanded head which is variously shaped with a conoidal knot or contracted to a long conical point. Although the rudest specimens taper gradually from the base to the rounded head. The rudest specimens are simply pecked into shape, while the finer ones, after shaping, are beautifully ground or smoothed. In several instances among those here described, the heads are given the forms of animal heads. These hand hammers were used for a variety of purposes and the worn surfaces readily indicate their use. Those used as hand mashers for crushing roots, nuts, berries, etc. show smooth flattened or slightly convex bases, while those used as hammers for driving wedges, stakes, etc., show a well worn concave base and offer flattened and worn sides of the base. *Information is from the original accession ledger.

Bone chisel section of leg bone of deer.* Fide donor GTE: Chisel of a section of leg bone of deer. These three (2849, 2850, 2851) chisels were dug up near Lytton. *Information is from the original accession ledger.