This woven spruce? root basketry hat painted with crest designs was originally catalogued/identified as "Dancing Hat and Plumes." Hat has a column of 4 hat rings (sometimes called potlatch rings) on top. It was on exhibit in NMNH Exhibit Hall 9, case 29, from 1957-2004; the exhibit caption read "Chief's dance hat, Tlingit."Source of the information below: Smithsonian Arctic Studies Center Alaska Native Collections: Sharing Knowledge website, by Aron Crowell, entry on this artifact http://alaska.si.edu/record.asp?id=47 , retrieved 2-14-2022: Crest hat, Tlingit. Information below is from discussions and the Smithsonian spotlight public talk with Teri Rofkar and Shelly Laws hosted by the Arctic Studies Center at the Anchorage museum on 11/23/2011. Also participating: Aron Crowell. Teri Rofkar: On the inside was the headband that holds it firmly on your head while you're dancing. That head band joins right here [the small ridge in middle of hat]. So, what happens is you're weaving along you're always having to add more warps ... hundreds and hundreds of them. So, if you're adding every other one and you've got like three hundred of them, you know that you have one hundred fifty of them to add. So we can count on the headband, if you look in there the weaving is much bigger then what you see here [on the outside]. And what they did was they wove it and the warps in this headband that's only about, maybe an inch long under there and they wove it and it had long warps on it so when they put it in [on the inside of the hat] those warps become the edge. And many times this [edge band] is a four strand braid. So, this [middle] is all three strand weaving, so you've got three weft elements ... it gives it that really smooth beautiful texture to paint on. And then the headband, and I switch to this skip-stitch, all rough like the skin on the back of a frog . . . Aron Crowell: And that same switch of pattern you also see on the Sugpiaq hats? Teri Rofkar: Yes, yeah there's gotta be some relations there. And you know the spruce has only been up this way, not that long.Ruth Demmert, Alan, Zuboff, and Linda Wynne made the following comments during the Tlingit Recovering Voices Community Research Visit, March 13-March 24, 2017. This hat is made of spruce root, not grass, and features a frog design which can be told because of the lips. The rings on the top of this object are very tight, and few people today can make them that tight. Alan comments that, in Angoon in particular, each ring represents a huge potlatch that involved many people. For Angoon they do not allow for more than three rings because the housemaster should not focus on his personal successes but should focus on the people, so they stop him from making a really tall hat. To add a ring, someone would commission someone from an opposite clan to make it and add it.

From card for E23523-46: "Dec 20, 1972, Bill Holm says that these are definitely Haida."Cultural ID for paddles E23523 - 23546 is somewhat in question. They were catalogued as Clallam, Bill Holm has identified them as Haida, but James Swan in correspondence in the accession file references 24 Bella Bella paddles.

FROM CARD: "ILLUS. IN THE FAR NORTH CATALOG, NAT. GALL. OF AR., 1973, P. 164. LOAN: R. H. LOWIE MUSEUM, DEC. 31, 1964. LOAN RETURNED FEB 15 1966." FROM CARD: "CARVED IN RELIEF WITH HUMAN FIGURE, SMALL ANIMALS AND ABSTRACT DESIGNS. ILLUS. IN THE FAR NORTH CATALOG, NAT. GALL. OF ART., 1973, P. 164. LOANED, WHITNEY MUS. OF AMERICAN ART, SEPT. 10, 1971. RETURNED: 2-9-72. LOANED: NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART OCT. 20, 1972. RETURNED: 5-29-73. LOANED: RENWICK GAL. 11-7-73. LOAN RETURNED 8-24-76." FROM CARD: "FROM PAGE 61, BOXES AND BOWLS CATALOG; RENWICK GALLERY; SMITHSONIAN PRESS; 1974. OBJECTS ILLUS. ON SAME PAGE. 44. CARVED BOWL HORN; CARVED IN RELIEF LENGTH: 8 3/4 (TSIMSHIAN?), FORT SIMPSON, BRITISH COLUMBIA. COLLECTED BY JAMES G. SWAN. CATALOGED JANUARY 17, 1876. 20,613."This object is on loan to the Anchorage Museum at Rasmuson Center, from 2010 through 2027.Source of the information below: Smithsonian Arctic Studies Center Alaska Native Collections: Sharing Knowledge website, by Aron Crowell, entry on this artifact http://alaska.si.edu/record.asp?id=522, retrieved 4-24-2012: Bowl, Tsimshian. A frog and naked man appear at one end of this high-end feast bowl, which was molded and carved from the horn of a mountain sheep. The face of a crest animal was rendered on the other end, along with a second frog. Wing designs extend along the sides of the vessel. Hunting wild sheep and goats in the high coastal mountains was a dangerous pursuit; hunters ascended steep slopes and glaciers in spiked snowshoes, using dogs to drive the animals into bow and arrow range. "This is a very well done bowl, but it is from Port Simpson, where Tsimshian, Haida, and Tlingit people were all living. We may never know exactly which tribe the carver came from. The Haida had to trade with our people to get weaving materials and the horns for making bowls and spoons." - David Boxley (Tsimshian), 2009

FROM CARD: "ILLUS. IN USNM AR 1888, PL. VI - FIG. 6, P. 260. HEAVY FLAT COPPER BRACELET, INLAID ON THE UPPER SURFACE WITH PIECES OF ABALONE SHELL. 5/1964 ON PIECE OF SHELL MISSING FROM ONE OF THE PAIR. " FROM LATE 19TH OR EARLY 20TH CENTURY EXHIBIT LABEL WITH THE CARD: "BRACELET.---MADE OF COPPER AND INLAID WITH SHELL. WIDTH, 5/8 INCH. TLINGIT INDIANS (KOLUSCHAN STOCK), FORT WRANGELL, ALASKA. 19,529. COLLECTED BY JAMES G. SWAN."

From card for E23523-46: "Dec 20, 1972, Bill Holm says that these are definitely Haida."Cultural ID for paddles E23523 - 23546 is somewhat in question. They were catalogued as Clallam, Bill Holm has identified them as Haida, but James Swan in correspondence in the accession file references 24 Bella Bella paddles.