FROM CARD FOR 2697-2698: "WOODEN IMAGES CARVED BY THE NATIVES OF OREGON". COLLECTED BY S. B. ELLIOT OF THE EXPEDITION. NO. 249 WAS LOST BY HARNONCOURT IN 1938."Illus. p. 310 and discussed p. 310 and p. 389 of Gilman, Carolyn. 2003. Lewis and Clark across the divide. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books. Identified there as a carving of a sailor, Chinookan, collected by S. B. Elliot when the U.S. Exploring Expedition visited the Oregon coast in 1841.Peale catalogue identifies # 249 (E2698) and # 250 (this object) as "Wooden images carved by the natives of Oregon."Human figure with hands in front pockets. He is wearing a round, patterned hat and has prominent ears. Figure is carved from a single piece of wood, with shallow manufacture marks noted overall, particularly on the legs. Red stain has been applied overall but is mainly noted present under hat rim, under hat brim, in nostrils, and in the mouth. Has original Peale # label.

FROM CARD: "A PAIR."Peale catalogue identifies these paddles as "Paddles from Pugets sound, and the river Columbia." Catalogue card identifies as from the Northwest Coast.2 dark stained paddles with leaf shaped blades. # 1 of 2 has root/line binding on handle and is marked "Nootka". # 2 of 2 is missing grip end of handle. Tips of blades of both are damaged.

A wooden panel pipe or ship pipe. Has original Peale # label. Written on this pipe in old handwriting: "N. W. Coast Ex. Ex. by R. R. Waldron." This may mean that Richard Russell Waldron, purser, USS Vincennes, was the collector of this pipe.Provenience note, in 1841 Oregon Territory encompassed the land from Russian Alaska to Spanish California and from the Pacific to the Continental Divide. The U.S. Exploring Expedition did not go to Canada, but did reach Oregon Territory in 1841, and carried out a hydrographic survey of the Columbia River from its mouth to the Cascades, as well as doing some surveying inland.They had dealings with Hudson's Bay Company staff during that time, and it is probable that the HBC is the source of a number of the Northwest Coast artifacts collected by the expedition.FROM CARD: "WOOD INLAID WITH IVORY."

FROM CARD: "CONSISTS OF 5... FOR STUDY & RETURN: MR. STEWART CULIN. UNIVERSITY OF PENN., PHILA, PA. MARCH 24, 1897."Peale catalogue identifies as "Dice made of beaver teeth, used by the natives of Oregon in playing a native game." See "NARRATIVE OF THE UNITED STATES EXPLORING EXPEDITION," VOL. IV, P. 392, CHARLES WILKES, 1845.Reference: "Games of the North American Indians" by Stewart Culin, Smithsonian Institution. 1907. Twenty-fourth annual report of the Bureau of American Ethnology: to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1902-1903. Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O. On pp. 155-156, Culin discusses the use of beaver teeth dice by the tribes of Puget Sound and British Columbia. On pp. 137-138 he describes woodchuck teeth dice used by the Kamath of Oregon.The two more complete teeth are etched with dark zigzag lines forming triangular designs.

FROM CARD: "*1 BOW AND 5 ARROWS IN COLLECTION ONLY TWO OF THE ARROWS ARE DEFINITELY NW COAST. 8/17/66."1 self bow and 5 arrows (2 with barbed bone points are Northwest Coast; the other 3 are N. California.)

CYLINDRICAL BASKET WITH ROUNDED BASE AND FLARED SIDES MADE OF SPRUCE ROOT AND BEARGRASS. THE RIM CONSTRUCTION IS OVERCAST, WITH LOOPS OF ROOT SEWN ON, AND A RAWHIDE THONG LACED THROUGH LOOPS. THE BASE CONSISTS OF TWO GROUPS OF WARPS (4 TOTAL) SEWN TOGETHER, WITH PLAIN TURNING. THE DESIGN CONSISTS OF OVERLAY WITH ALTERNATING COLORS OF BROWN AND WHITE. PUBLICATION: ILLUS. IN "MAGNIFICENT VOYAGERS," BY VIOLA & MARGOLIS, S.I. PRESS 1985, P. 144. U.S.N.M. ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1902, ABORIGINAL AMERICAN BASKETRY, OTIS MASON, PL. 165, P. 548. EXHIBITED MAGNIFICENT VOYAGERS, NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, 1985-86. EXHIBITED SITES "MAGNIFICENT VOYAGERS, 1987-89. RETURNED FROM SITES, 1988.From card: "#2709 - Illus.in USNM Rept, 1902; Pl. 165; p. 548."ILLUS. FIG. 7, P. 48 AND DISCUSSED P. 47 IN "SALISH BASKETS FROM THE WILKES EXPEDITION" BY CAROLYN J. MARR, AMERICAN INDIAN ART MAGAZINE, VOL. 9, NO. 3, 1984 AND ID THERE AS STIFF-TWINED BASKET, SPRUCE ROOTS, OVERLAY DECORATION DESIGN IS CALLED "CASCADE" AMONG PUGET SOUND SALISH. QUINAULT MANUFACTURE BUT MOST LIKELY COLLECTED FROM THE TWANA.

Argillite pipe with relief carved decoration, including a face, on the bowl, probably based on the form of European or American commercial clay tobacco pipes. Red pigment in some of the incised lines.Provenience note, in 1841 Oregon Territory encompassed the land from Russian Alaska to Spanish California and from the Pacific to the Continental Divide. The U.S. Exploring Expedition did not go to Canada, but did reach Oregon Territory in 1841, and carried out a hydrographic survey of the Columbia River from its mouth to the Cascades, as well as doing some surveying inland.They had dealings with Hudson's Bay Company staff during that time, and it is probable that the HBC is the source of a number of the Northwest Coast artifacts collected by the expedition. This object has been attributed as possibly Haida, based on its being made of argillite.

FROM CARD: "ILLUSTRATED IN MASON'S CRADLES OF THE AMERICAN ABORIGINES, USNM AR, 1887; FIG.7, P. 170. ALSO IN USNM AR, 1894; FIG. 206(B), P.514."Wooden cradle (model or toy), stained red on exterior, with native string loop lacing which firmly holds doll in place. Doll is made of stuffed buckskin, covered with two layers of cloth; only head and feet are visible. Cedar bark bundle is attached, presumably used for head flattening. Has original Peale # label.Entry on cradle model in Peale catalogue # 116 identifies it: "Model of cradle, made by the natives of Oregon to show the manner of flattening the heads of their children." Peale catalogue entry # 38 also mentions this cradle model. There is a doll in the cradle. Caption in USNM AR for 1887 calls this cradle Chinook. The illustrations of this object in the old USNM publications depict a long pad attached to the headboard and extending over the child's forehead and lashed down on either side of cradle, as part of the head flattening process. This pad is not present with the cradle model as of 2010. A similar cradle is shown in an drawing by Alfred T. Agate engraved by T.H. Mumford "Indian Mode of Rocking Cradle". See Charles Wilkes, 1798-1877, Narrative of the United States Exploring Expedition. During the Years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842., 1845 edition, Philadelphia. Printed from original "official" 1844 Philadelphia publication plates ed., 5 vols. (Philadephia: Lea and Blanchard, 1845). Illustration appears on page 361, Volume 4. This cradle is also similar to one depicted in an engraving of a Chinook cradle with head-binding device, Columbia River area, p. 307 of Volume 1 of Belcher, Edward, and Richard Brinsley Hinds. 1843. Narrative of a voyage round the world: performed in Her Majesty's ship Sulphur during the years 1836-1842 : including details of the naval operations in China from Dec. 1840 to Nov. 1841. London: H. Colburn. See also Catlin cradle # E73312.

CEDAR MASK, PORTRAIT OF A MAN'S FACE W/ WHISKERS AT THE SIDES OF HIS MOUTH AND CHIN. EARLY DRAWING OF THIS MASK IN S.I. ANNUAL REPORT III SHOWS FUR GLUED TO HAIR LINE AT TOP AND SIDES OF HEAD. ZIGZAG LINES OF TATTOOING FROM THE RIGHT SIDE OF HIS NOSE ACROSS HIS CHEEK. MARKS - WRITTEN ON FOREHEAD OF MASK, "OREGON, [THE SHIP] BY R. WALDRON - EX EX." PUBLICATION: BAE 3RD ANNUAL REPORT, PL. XIV, FIG. 24, P. 173 & 113 (WHERE IT WAS ATTRIBUTED AS POSSIBLY HAIDA). PORTRAIT MASKS FROM THE NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA BY J.C.H. KING, P. 54-55. "MAGNIFICENT VOYAGERS" BY VIOLA & MARGOLIS, ILLUSTRATED P. 141. EXHIBITED MAGNIFICENT VOYAGERS, NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, 1985-86. EXHIBITED SITES "MAGNIFICENT VOYAGERS," 1987-89.THE MASK WAS ON PERMANENT EXHIBIT IN THE NORTHWEST COAST SECTION OF THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN HALL, NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, AND REMOVED IN 1985.FROM CARD: "CEDAR WOOD; REPRESENTING A MAN'S FACE; WITH WISKERS AT SIDE OF MOUTH AND ON TIP OF CHIN. LINE OF "TATOOING" [tattooing] FROM RIGHT SIDE OF NOSE ACROSS RIGHT CHEEK. ILLUS. BAE 3RD ANNUAL REPORT, PL. XIV, FIG. 24, P. 173."Illus. Fig. 49, p. 55 in King, J. C. H. 1979. Portrait masks from the Northwest Coast of America. [New York]: Thames and Hudson. Identified there (p. 54) as: "Haida human face mask, very finely carved with a minimum of facial painting. It is made of wood, and fur, probably glued on with pitch or gum from pine trees, has been added to the head and face to indicate hair, moustache and beard."Provenience note, in 1841 Oregon Territory encompassed the land from Russian Alaska to Spanish California and from the Pacific to the Continental Divide. The U.S. Exploring Expedition did not go to Canada, but did reach Oregon Territory in 1841, and carried out a hydrographic survey of the Columbia River from its mouth to the Cascades, as well as doing some surveying inland.They had dealings with Hudson's Bay Company staff during that time, and it is probable that the HBC is the source of a number of the Northwest Coast artifacts collected by the expedition. Peale catalogue identifies this artifact as "Wooden mask made by the natives of Nootka sound.", i.e. possibly Nootka?, which is further evidence for the HBC as the source of this mask.

PLAIN, TWINED, WOOL BELT WITH LONG FRINGE AT EITHER END. THE BELT IS WOVEN IN PATTERNED SECTIONS OF ZIGZAG LINES IN RED, BLUE AND NATURAL COLORS. PUBLICATION: S.I. ANNUAL REPORT, 1928, PL. 13, P. 646. EXHIBITED MAGNIFICENT VOYAGERS, NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, 1985-86. EXHIBITED SITES "MAGNIFICENT VOYAGERS," 1987-89.From card: "Mountain goat. Made of wool, woven into s band about 2 1/2" wide, and in a pattern of plain white ornamented with red and blue colors in zigzag. Each end has a fringe 16" long. Illus.: ARSI, 1928; Pl. 13; p. 646."Illus. Fig. 42, p. 102 (detail), in Tepper, Leslie Heymann, Janice George, and Willard Joseph. 2017. Salish Blankets: robes of protection and transformation, symbols of wealth.