FROM CARD: "7477, PADDLE AND 2 POLES TRANSFERRED BACK TO DIV. OF ETHNOLOGY FROM DIV. OF ENGINEERING, JANUARY 25, 1934. INVENTORIED 1974. LOAN GLENBOW NOV 13 1987. LOAN RETURNED NOV 25 1988. ILLUS.: THE SPIRIT SINGS. CATALOGUE, GLENBOW-ALBERTA INST., 1987, #A94, P. 130." See Collins boat MS. p. 820.Source of the information below: Inuvialuit Pitqusiit Inuuniarutait: Inuvialuit Living History, The MacFarlane Collection website, by the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre (ICRC), Inuvik, N.W.T., Canada (website credits here http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/posts/12 ), entry on this artifact http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/items/200 , retrieved 2-5-2020: Model of a kayak with prominent upturned ends that are distinctive of Inuvialuit kayaks. The frame is made from wood, and the cover is made from several pieces of hide stretched over the frame and stitched together. A seam running lengthwise on the deck has been stained with red ochre. Deck lashings made from braided sinew for holding hunting implements are attached fore and aft of the cockpit and a lance holder made from antler or bone is attached to the deck near the front end. The model includes a throwing board, the shaft of a lance with a wrapping of baleen at the tip end (the tip is missing), a double-bladed paddle, and a paddle with a single blade. Both paddles have been decorated using red ochre. More information here: http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/item_types/32: Inuvialuit used lightweight kayaks for hunting whales and seals, setting and hauling fishnets, and spearing swimming caribou. The frames were made from driftwood, and skins of seals or beluga whales were used for covers. Inuvialuit kayaks had distinctive upturned stems that were useful for lifting them from the water. Full-sized kayaks would have been difficult to send to the Smithsonian Institution, and MacFarlane instead collected accurately made models.

Source of the information below: Inuvialuit Pitqusiit Inuuniarutait: Inuvialuit Living History, The MacFarlane Collection website, by the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre (ICRC), Inuvik, N.W.T., Canada (website credits here http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/posts/12 ), entry on this artifact http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/items/168 , retrieved 1-27-2020: Throwing board made from a long, thin piece of wood. A wide, shallow bed for a projectile has been cut lengthwise into the top surface near one edge. One end on the opposite side has been cut at an angle, and along the adjacent edge there are three shallow notches. A crescent-shaped bed has been cut into the board between the notches and the long groove, and next to this bed is a large circular hole. These features allowed the throwing board to be securely gripped when in use. More information here: http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/item_types/56: Throwing boards were used to propel harpoons and darts when hunting from a kayak. The shaft of a hunting implement was placed in a groove in the upper surface of the throwing board, resting against a lip of the groove or a knob at one end, and held by the hand at the other end. The hunter propelled the harpoon or dart in an overhand motion. The throwing board acted as an extension of the arm, and gave added power and accuracy to the throw.

FROM CARD: "FRAME OF WOODEN STRIPS. COVERED WITH SKIN; MANHOLE IN THE CENTER; BOW AND STERN BEAKED; PADDLE ACCOMPANYING. LENGTH, 20 INCHES. SENT AS A GIFT TO MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, BATTLE CREEK PUBLIC SCHOOLS. BATTLE CREEK, MICH., OCT.7,. 1924. 1666: INVENTORY RECORDS NOTE OBJECT STILL HERE. BATTLE CREEK OBJECT #1666 IS SMALL POT. SI #1666 SHOULD BE CHECKED FOR INCORRECT NO. (SEE ACC. #9899.)."Source of the information below: Inuvialuit Pitqusiit Inuuniarutait: Inuvialuit Living History, The MacFarlane Collection website, by the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre (ICRC), Inuvik, N.W.T., Canada (website credits here http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/posts/12 ), entry on this artifact http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/items/53 , retrieved 12-19-2019: Model of a kayak with prominent upturned ends that are distinctive of Inuvialuit kayaks. The frame is made from wood, and the cover is made from several pieces of hide stretched over the frame and stitched together. Deck lashings made from braided sinew for holding hunting implements are attached fore and aft of the cockpit, and a lance holder made from bone or antler is attached near the front end. The lashing in front of the cockpit has a bead attached to it, possibly representing a rest for a lance or harpoon used in conjunction with the holder. The model includes a two-bladed paddle and a throwing board, both of which are made of wood. The paddle is decorated with red and black lines made using ochre and charcoal encircling the blades. The throwing board has ochre lines on its upper surface. More information here: http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/item_types/32: Inuvialuit used lightweight kayaks for hunting whales and seals, setting and hauling fishnets, and spearing swimming caribou. The frames were made from driftwood, and skins of seals or beluga whales were used for covers. Inuvialuit kayaks had distinctive upturned stems that were useful for lifting them from the water. Full-sized kayaks would have been difficult to send to the Smithsonian Institution, and MacFarlane instead collected accurately made models.

FROM CARD: "PEOPLE: *TLINGIT OF SITKA. REMARKS: MADE OF WOOD, CARVED IN TOTEMIC DESIGNS AND INLAID WITH HALIOTIS SHELL. *THERE IS SOME CONFUSION AS TO THE PROVENIENCE OF THIS SPECIMEN. ACCORDING TO THE CATALOG BOOK IT IS ALEUT, BUT IN USNM AR 1884, PT II, PL. XVII (LEGEND) IT APPEARS TO BE TLINGIT (SITKA). IT IS VERY SIMILAR TO #20771 COLL. BY J. G. SWAN AT SITKA IN 1875. BOTH SPECIMENS ARE EXTENSIVELY CARVED IN TYPICAL NW COAST ART MOTIFS. GEP. THE TLINKIT ARE KNOWN NOT TO HAVE USED THE THROWING STICK, WHILE IT OCCURS THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE ESKIMO AREA. ILLUS. IN USNM AR, 1888; PL. 27, FIG. 127A,B; P. 286. LOAN GLENBOW NOV 13 1987. LOAN RETURNED NOV 25 1988. ILLUS.: THE SPIRIT SINGS CATALOGUE, GLENBOW-ALBERTA INST., 1987, #N44, P.141."Provenience uncertain. Original catalogue lists locality as Unalaska/Ounalaska, i.e. Aleutian Islands, but object was later published/identified as Tlingit from Sitka.Florence Sheakley, elder, made the following comments during the Tlingit Recovering Voices Community Research Visit, March 13-March 24, 2017. The design on this object is Eagle, and so belongs to the Eagle clan, but might have been made for trade.

FROM CARD: "ILLUS. IN USNM AR 1888; PL. 27, FIG. 127A,B; P. 286. 4/18/67:LOANED TO VANCOUVER ART GALL. 12/13/67:RETURNED BY VANCOUVER. LOAN: CROSSROADS SEP 22 1988. ILLUS.: CROSSROADS OF CONTINENTS CATALOGUE; FIG.388, P.282. LOAN RETURNED: JAN 21 1993." Crossroads of Continents catalogue identifies: Spear Thrower, Tlingit. "The very few Tlingit spear throwers, or throwing boards, that survive are all carved with figures that resemble those on shaman's rattles and amulets. Although completely functional, they are poorly shaped for efficient use ... compared to Pacific Eskimo throwing boards .... It is possible that they were all shamans' instruments, weapons to be used in war with the spirits. Whichever is the case, they are often beautifully carved. A long-beaked, crested bird (a kingfisher or meganser) bites an asymmetrically rendered sea creature on the shaft of this board. The legs, hands, and face of a man, with closed eyes, emerge from recesses in the grip. Although collected in the late 19th century, its early style, heavy wear and patination indicate a much earlier origin."Florence Sheakley, elder, made the following comments during the Tlingit Recovering Voices Community Research Visit, March 13-March 24, 2017. The design on this object is a Spirit Face.

Dark red chert atlatl weight, grooved, partially mottled surface. According to Bergen's notes: Found together with 1989-57/2-19 in "a redig - bottom of a previous trench - estimated four to five feet deep - second trench - some seven to eight inches apart." LSP, 9/04/2002

Test Trench 1, Square 1

Skull cracker. Locality: Image, Washington.* Found at Image, Clark County, WA. *Information comes from original accession ledger.

According to Bergen's notes: found with 2-33 "in northwest area of dig--a redig--estimate four feet deep" LSP, 7/30/97

According to Bergen's notes: found with 2-32 "in northwest area of dig--a redig--estimate four feet deep" LSP, 7/30/97